Urethritis
Urethritis is a common condition characterized by inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body.
This patient information guide aims to provide you with essential insights into urethritis, including its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and available treatment options.
What is Urethritis?
Urethritis occurs when the urethra becomes inflamed, often due to infection. This inflammation can lead to discomfort and various urinary symptoms.
Common Symptoms
- Pain or Burning During Urination: Discomfort or a burning sensation while passing urine is a common symptom.
- Discharge: Unusual discharge from the penis, which may be clear, white, or greenish.
- Increased Frequency: A need to urinate more frequently than usual.
- Itching or Irritation: Sensation of itching or irritation in the urethral area.
Causes
Bacterial Infections: Commonly caused by bacteria such as E.coli Chlamydia or Gonorrhea. These bacteria also cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) and some sexually transmitted diseases.
Viral Infections: Viruses, such as herpes simplex virus (HSV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) can also cause urethritis.
Non-Infectious Causes: Irritation from certain soaps, lotions, or other substances may lead to non-infectious urethritis or Injury to the urethra
Sometimes the cause is unknown.
Diagnosis
- Medical History and Examination: A detailed discussion about symptoms, sexual history, and potential risk factors.
- Urine Tests: Analysis of a urine sample to detect the presence of infection or inflammation.
- Swab Test: Swabs from the urethra may be taken for laboratory analysis for a STI screen.
- Pelvic Ultrasound (women only)
- Blood tests
Goals of Treatment
The goals of treatment are to:
- Get rid of the cause of infection
- Improve Symptoms
- Prevent the spread of infection.
Treatment Options
- Antibiotics: If a bacterial infection is identified, antibiotics are prescribed to clear the infection.
- Pain Management: Medications to alleviate discomfort and pain during urination.
- Avoidance of Irritants: Recommendations to avoid potential irritants that may exacerbate symptoms.
Prevention and Follow-up
- Safe Sex Practices: Practicing safe sex, including the use of condoms, can reduce the risk of sexually transmitted urethritis.
- Follow-up Testing: Follow-up testing may be recommended to ensure the infection has been successfully treated.
